o 14: differentiating demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system – a focus on multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis-optica spectrum disorders
نویسندگان
چکیده
significant advances have been made in diagnosis and therapy of demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system. the most common entities of this disorders in adults – multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica were initially thought to be different phenotypes of more or less the same disease. during the last ten years, this view was subsequently changed and the term neuromyelitis optica-spectrum disorder (nmosd) was established. he encompasses a variety of clinical presentations that can mimic ms and other disorders. nmosd are characterized by certain hallmarks in pathophysiology, especially the presence of different antibodies with high specifity. in clinical routine, a clear differentiation between ms and nmosd is essential due to significant differences in therapy. treatment of nmosd with most substances approved for ms can lead to devastating relapses and even death. furthermore, the clinical course of nmosd often is severe and itself leads to massive impairment and high mortality. neurologists – especially those with a scope on neuroimmunology – need to be familiar with diagnosis and at least acute treatment of this disease. this lecture will give an introduction into epidemiology and pathophysiology of the disorder and will highlight its differences to ms. the new criteria for diagnosis of nmosd will be presented and discussed including the new category of mog-spectrum disorders. i also will give insights into current strategies for therapy and review future strategies for therapy.
منابع مشابه
O 14: Differentiating Demyelinating Disorders of the Central Nervous System – a Focus on Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis-Optica Spectrum Disorders
Significant advances have been made in diagnosis and therapy of demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system. The most common entities of this disorders in adults – multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica were initially thought to be different phenotypes of more or less the same disease. During the last ten years, this view was subsequently changed and the term neuromyelitis ...
متن کاملTreatment of neuromyelitis optica/neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders with methotrexate
BACKGROUND To review our experience using methotrexate as a single long-term immunosuppressant (IS) therapy in neuromyelitis optica/neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMO/NMOSD). METHODS We performed a retrospective chart review of all patients with a diagnosis of NMO/NMOSD, supported by a positive NMO-IgG testing, who were treated with methotrexate. A paired sample 2 tailed t test was ...
متن کاملNeuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: Diagnosis and Treatment
The last decade has witnessed rapid developments in the clinical understanding and scienti fi c foundati on of neuromyeliti s opti ca (NMO). The landmark events were the late 19th century report by Devic and Gault describing the associati on of severe acute transverse myeliti s and opti c neuriti s and the late 20th century discovery that the syndrome was associated with a specifi c autoanti bo...
متن کاملNeuromyelitis optica and neuromyelitis optica-IgG seropositivity in Saudis with demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system
Background and Objective: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) shares certain features with multiple sclerosis (MS). Similar phenotypes, wide spectrum and the differential prevalence of NMO among ethnic backgrounds pose diagnostic challenges. NMO-IgG antibodies are specific biomarker for NMO and facilitate its differentiation from other demyelinating diseases. This study aimed to assess the frequency of ...
متن کاملTh17 Cells Pathways in Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: Pathophysiological and Therapeutic Implications.
Several animal and human studies have implicated CD4+ T helper 17 (Th17) cells and their downstream pathways in the pathogenesis of central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity in multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), challenging the traditional Th1-Th2 paradigm. Th17 cells can efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier using alternate ways from Th1 cells, pro...
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عنوان ژورنال:
مجله علوم اعصاب شفای خاتمجلد ۵، شماره ۲، صفحات ۱۴-۱۴
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